Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being adopted and has become an integral part of operations across many organizations. In Vietnam, the Artificial Intelligence Law (Law No. 134/2025/QH15), which comes into effect on March 1, 2026. In this context, AI risk management has become a critical priority to ensure that AI systems are deployed safely. At the international level, a risk-based approach is widely recognized as a best practice for AI governance. In 2023, the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) released the AI Risk Management Framework (NIST AI RMF), providing a comprehensive approach that addresses context, human factors, measurement, and control, with the goal of promoting trustworthy AI systems.